This classification is based on the type of signals used in systems. Before examining the differences between an analog and a digital system, we must first try and see that the terms analog and digital means.
An analog signal is where the values can be continuous. For example, if. A signal range in size between 0 volts and 5 volts, can take any value between 0 and 5
With a digital signalonly discrete values. For example, reporting only a 0-5 volts can take discrete values of 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5, a digital system. If a digital signal in the system above the mean value of 2.2 in any moment of time it is represented by the nearest discrete value (two, in this case). It may be noted that all signals are equal to 2 to 2.5 would be represented by 2 and all signals directly from 2.5 to 3 will be represented by third
Asparticular case as a signal in a digital system is represented by only two values – zero or one, is a binary system, and is the presentation used by all modern computers and communications.
The use of analog systems is falling as a manager of digital systems are more convenient. Both systems have advantages and disadvantages – analog systems make efficient use of bandwidth andrelatively immune to noise. They are also less flexible and changes in the design. Analog is built with hardware and generally are not sensitive to changes in the parameters of the input signals. Any change in input parameters may require a new circuit design and implementation.
Digital systems on the other hand, is highly influenced by noise. The advantage with digital systems is that they are built with components and a programmablestandard circuit can handle digital signals and a system can be implemented by software. This means that components can be reused by simply changing the program.
Most modern communication systems are digital systems – analog inputs are converted to digital through a process called sampling and digital conversion back to analog reconstruction.
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